Mechanical Energy Storage – Concepts and Applications
Mechanical energy storage involves storing energy through physical systems that can later release it as electricity or mechanical work. Common technologies include flywheel energy storage, pumped hydro storage, and compressed air energy storage (CAES).
Flywheel Energy Storage uses the rotational kinetic energy of a spinning rotor. When energy is needed, the rotation drives a generator to produce electricity. Flywheels offer rapid response and high cycle life but are less suitable for long-term storage.
Pumped Hydro Storage stores energy as gravitational potential energy by pumping water into elevated reservoirs. When energy demand rises, the water flows back through turbines to generate electricity. This method is highly efficient for balancing the grid and storing large amounts of energy over hours.
Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) uses electricity to compress air into underground cavities. When needed, the air expands and powers turbines to generate electricity. CAES is useful for medium-term storage and integrating renewable energy.
Mechanical…